Pharmacy Practice MCQ, in this article we will solve, Practice MCQ on the topic, Pathophysiology of diseases of Nervous System. Read following article for your reference.
Pathophysiology of Nervous System Diseases
Which neurotransmitter imbalance is commonly associated with epilepsy?
A) Increased dopamine
B) Decreased serotonin
C) Increased glutamate
D) Decreased acetylcholine
What is the primary characteristic of epilepsy?
A) Progressive memory loss
B) Recurrent, unprovoked seizures
C) Muscle rigidity
D) Cognitive decline
Which genetic mutation is linked to Dravet syndrome, a severe form of epilepsy?
A) APP
B) PSEN1
C) SCN1A
D) LRRK2
What is the postictal state?
A) The period before a seizure
B) The period during a seizure
C) The period immediately after a seizure
D) A type of seizure
Which of the following is a serious complication of epilepsy?
A) Parkinson’s disease
B) Status epilepticus
C) Alzheimer’s disease
D) Stroke
What is the primary neurotransmitter deficiency in Parkinson’s disease?
A) Serotonin
B) Dopamine
C) Glutamate
D) Acetylcholine
Which brain region is primarily affected in Parkinson’s disease?
A) Hippocampus
B) Substantia nigra
C) Prefrontal cortex
D) Amygdala
What are Lewy bodies?
A) Abnormal protein aggregates containing alpha-synuclein
B) Clusters of amyloid-beta plaques
C) Neurofibrillary tangles
D) Enlarged ventricles
Which of the following is NOT a cardinal symptom of Parkinson’s disease?
A) Resting tremor
B) Bradykinesia
C) Muscle rigidity
D) Hallucinations
Which surgical option is available for advanced Parkinson’s disease?
A) Deep brain stimulation (DBS)
B) Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
C) Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS)
D) Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS)
What is the most common type of stroke?
A) Ischemic stroke
B) Hemorrhagic stroke
C) Transient ischemic attack (TIA)
D) Subarachnoid hemorrhage
Which of the following is a cause of ischemic stroke?
A) Blood vessel rupture
B) Blood clot blockage
C) Brain tumor
D) Infection
What does the acronym FAST stand for in stroke recognition?
A) Face drooping, Arm weakness, Speech difficulty, Time to call emergency services
B) Face swelling, Arm numbness, Speech slurring, Time to rest
C) Face tingling, Arm pain, Speech clarity, Time to hydrate
D) Face redness, Arm stiffness, Speech volume, Time to sleep
Which of the following is a symptom of stroke?
A) Gradual memory loss
B) Sudden weakness on one side of the body
C) Chronic fatigue
D) Persistent cough
What is a common secondary complication of stroke?
A) Deep vein thrombosis
B) Epilepsy
C) Parkinson’s disease
D) Alzheimer’s disease
Which neurotransmitter is commonly associated with depression?
A) Dopamine
B) Serotonin
C) Glutamate
D) Acetylcholine
What is anhedonia?
A) Excessive sleep
B) Loss of interest or pleasure
C) Increased appetite
D) Persistent headaches
Which brain region is often reduced in volume in individuals with depression?
A) Amygdala
B) Hippocampus
C) Cerebellum
D) Medulla oblongata
Which axis is dysregulated in depression, leading to altered cortisol levels?
A) Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
B) Hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis
C) Hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis
D) Hypothalamic-pituitary-growth hormone (HPGH) axis
Which of the following is a common treatment for depression?
A) Antipsychotic medications
B) Antidepressants
C) Anticonvulsants
D) Beta-blockers
Which neurotransmitter dysregulation is primarily associated with schizophrenia?
A) Serotonin
B) Dopamine
C) Glutamate
D) Acetylcholine
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia?
A) Hallucinations and delusions
B) Social withdrawal and lack of motivation
C) Cognitive deficits
D) Emotional blunting
Which gene is implicated in increasing the risk of developing schizophrenia?
A) APP
B) PSEN1
C) DISC1
D) LRRK2
Which brain abnormalities are commonly observed in schizophrenia?
A) Enlarged ventricles and reduced gray matter volume
B) Amyloid-beta plaques and tau tangles
C) Lewy bodies and mitochondrial dysfunction
D) Cortical dysplasia and hippocampal sclerosis
Which of the following is a common comorbid condition in individuals with schizophrenia?
A) Substance abuse
B) Parkinson’s disease
C) Alzheimer’s disease
D) Epilepsy
Which protein aggregates are characteristic of Alzheimer’s disease?
A) Alpha-synuclein
B) Amyloid-beta plaques
C) Tau tangles
D) Lewy bodies
Which genetic mutation is associated with early-onset Alzheimer’s disease?
A) SNCA
B) LRRK2
C) APP
D) DISC1
Which allele is a major genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer’s disease?
A) APOE ε4
B) PSEN1
C) SCN1A
D) PARK2
Which brain region is primarily affected in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease?
A) Substantia nigra
B) Hippocampus
C) Prefrontal cortex
D) Amygdala
Which of the following is a common behavioral symptom in advanced Alzheimer’s disease?
A) Resting tremor
B) Hallucinations
C) Bradykinesia
D) Postural instability
For more regular updates you can visit our social media accounts,
Instagram: Follow us
Facebook: Follow us
WhatsApp: Join us
Telegram: Join us