Pharmacy Practice MCQ » PHARMACAREERS

Pharmacy Practice MCQ, in this article we will solve, Practice MCQ under subject Microbiology. Read following article for your reference.

Factors Influencing Disinfection, Antiseptics And Their Evaluation » PHARMACAREERS

Which of the following is a primary factor affecting the efficacy of a disinfectant?
- a) Temperature
- b) Humidity
- c) Light intensity
- d) Air pressure
What is the term for the time required for a disinfectant to achieve its desired effect?
- a) Exposure time
- b) Reaction time
- c) Contact time
- d) Incubation time
Which factor can reduce the effectiveness of an antiseptic?
- a) Presence of organic matter
- b) High pH
- c) Low humidity
- d) Room temperature
What is the main purpose of using antiseptics in healthcare?
- a) To sterilize surgical instruments
- b) To reduce the risk of infection in living tissues
- c) To disinfect hospital floors
- d) To clean laboratory glassware
Which of the following is a commonly used antiseptic for skin disinfection?
- a) Chlorine
- b) Ethanol
- c) Hydrogen peroxide
- d) Iodine
What is the term for the lowest concentration of a disinfectant that kills all microorganisms in a test system?
- a) Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC)
- b) Minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC)
- c) Lethal dose (LD50)
- d) Effective dose (ED50)
Which method is commonly used to evaluate the efficacy of disinfectants?
- a) Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test
- b) Serial dilution
- c) Use-dilution test
- d) Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)
Which factor does NOT influence the activity of disinfectants?
- a) Concentration of the disinfectant
- b) Time of exposure
- c) Size of the microorganisms
- d) Presence of organic matter
What is the primary mechanism of action for alcohol-based disinfectants?
- a) Denaturing proteins
- b) Oxidizing cell components
- c) Disrupting cell walls
- d) Inhibiting DNA synthesis
Which of the following can affect the efficacy of antiseptics on the skin?
- a) Skin pH
- b) Skin temperature
- c) Presence of oils
- d) All of the above
Which type of microorganisms are generally most resistant to disinfectants?
- a) Gram-positive bacteria
- b) Gram-negative bacteria
- c) Fungi
- d) Bacterial spores
What is the term for the effectiveness of a disinfectant against a specific organism?
- a) Spectrum of activity
- b) Range of effect
- c) Efficacy profile
- d) Antimicrobial index
Which of the following is an important factor to consider when selecting a disinfectant for use in a healthcare setting?
- a) Toxicity to humans
- b) Cost
- c) Ease of use
- d) All of the above
What is the mode of action of iodine-based antiseptics?
- a) Disrupting cell membranes
- b) Inhibiting protein synthesis
- c) Oxidizing cellular components
- d) Inhibiting DNA replication
What is the term for a substance that reduces the number of microorganisms to safe levels?
- a) Disinfectant
- b) Antiseptic
- c) Sanitizer
- d) Sterilant
Which factor can enhance the effectiveness of disinfectants?
- a) Higher temperature
- b) Lower concentration
- c) Shorter contact time
- d) Presence of organic matter
Which disinfectant is commonly used in water treatment to kill bacteria and viruses?
- a) Ethanol
- b) Chlorine
- c) Phenol
- d) Quaternary ammonium compounds
What is the primary function of antiseptics?
- a) To kill microorganisms on non-living surfaces
- b) To kill microorganisms on living tissues
- c) To sterilize surgical instruments
- d) To sanitize food products
Which of the following can be used as both a disinfectant and an antiseptic?
- a) Hydrogen peroxide
- b) Chlorine
- c) Formaldehyde
- d) Benzalkonium chloride
Which test is used to determine the resistance of bacteria to antiseptics?
- a) Disk diffusion test
- b) Broth dilution test
- c) Use-dilution test
- d) Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) test
What is the impact of organic matter on the efficacy of disinfectants?
- a) It enhances the efficacy
- b) It has no effect
- c) It reduces the efficacy
- d) It neutralizes the disinfectant
Which type of antiseptic is commonly used for oral hygiene?
- a) Chlorhexidine
- b) Ethanol
- c) Hydrogen peroxide
- d) Iodine
What is the mechanism of action of quaternary ammonium compounds?
- a) Oxidizing cell components
- b) Disrupting cell membranes
- c) Inhibiting protein synthesis
- d) Denaturing nucleic acids
Which of the following factors can influence the contact time required for a disinfectant to be effective?
- a) Concentration of the disinfectant
- b) Type of microorganism
- c) Presence of biofilm
- d) All of the above
Which disinfectant is known for its broad-spectrum activity and is used in both healthcare and household settings?
- a) Chlorine
- b) Ethanol
- c) Phenol
- d) Quaternary ammonium compounds
What is the effect of temperature on the activity of disinfectants?
- a) Higher temperature generally increases activity
- b) Lower temperature generally increases activity
- c) Temperature has no effect
- d) Temperature always decreases activity
Which of the following is an example of a high-level disinfectant?
- a) Isopropanol
- b) Hydrogen peroxide
- c) Sodium hypochlorite
- d) Glutaraldehyde
What is the term for the ability of a disinfectant to kill bacteria, fungi, and viruses?
- a) Bactericidal
- b) Broad-spectrum
- c) Fungicidal
- d) Virucidal
What is the primary consideration when evaluating the effectiveness of an antiseptic for surgical hand scrubbing?
- a) Cost
- b) Speed of action
- c) Residual activity
- d) Odor
Which of the following is a common method used to evaluate the stability of a disinfectant?
- a) Accelerated aging test
- b) Use-dilution test
- c) Disk diffusion test
- d) Broth dilution test

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