Practice MCQ For Govt Pharmacist Exam, in this article we will solve mcq on Major extra and intracellular electrolytes, a topic under Pharmaceutical Inorganic Chemistry first semester. Read following article for your reference,
Major Extracellular And Intracellular Electrolytes » PHARMACAREERS
Electrolytes Used In Replacement Therapy And ORS » PHARMACAREERS
Here are 30 MCQs on major extra and intracellular electrolytes, their functions, electrolytes used in replacement therapy, and physiological acid-base balance:
The primary cation in extracellular fluid is:
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
The most abundant intracellular cation is:
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
Which electrolyte is crucial for blood clotting?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Chloride
Oral Rehydration Salts (ORS) typically contain all of the following EXCEPT:
A) Sodium chloride
B) Potassium chloride
C) Glucose
D) Magnesium sulfate
Hyperkalemia refers to:
A) Low levels of potassium in the blood
B) High levels of potassium in the blood
C) Low levels of sodium in the blood
D) High levels of sodium in the blood
The main anion in extracellular fluid is:
A) Bicarbonate
B) Chloride
C) Phosphate
D) Sulfate
Calcium gluconate is used in replacement therapy to treat:
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hypokalemia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hyperphosphatemia
The normal pH range of blood is approximately:
A) 6.35-6.45
B) 7.35-7.45
C) 8.35-8.45
D) 9.35-9.45
Which ion is a major component of intracellular fluid and helps regulate pH?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Chloride
D) Phosphate
In acid-base balance, the bicarbonate buffer system involves which organs?
A) Heart and lungs
B) Lungs and kidneys
C) Liver and pancreas
D) Pancreas and spleen
The condition characterized by an excess of hydrogen ions in the body is known as:
A) Alkalosis
B) Acidosis
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hyponatremia
Which electrolyte imbalance can lead to cardiac arrhythmias?
A) Hyponatremia
B) Hypernatremia
C) Hypokalemia
D) Hypercalcemia
The main function of sodium in the body includes:
A) Muscle contraction
B) Nerve impulse transmission
C) Blood clotting
D) Bone formation
An example of an isotonic IV solution is:
A) 0.9% Sodium chloride solution
B) 5% Glucose solution
C) 10% Calcium gluconate solution
D) 3% Sodium chloride solution
The primary buffer system in the human body is the:
A) Protein buffer system
B) Phosphate buffer system
C) Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
D) Ammonia buffer system
Which condition results from a deficit of extracellular fluid volume?
A) Edema
B) Dehydration
C) Overhydration
D) Hypervolemia
The electrolyte used to treat diabetic ketoacidosis is:
A) Sodium chloride
B) Potassium chloride
C) Calcium gluconate
D) Magnesium sulfate
Which ion plays a significant role in maintaining heart function?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Chloride
Which electrolyte is essential for oxygen transportation in red blood cells?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Iron
Which electrolyte is essential for oxygen transportation in red blood cells?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Iron
The condition known as ‘tetany’ is due to the low levels of which electrolyte?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
Which of the following is NOT a function of potassium?
A) Regulating fluid balance
B) Maintaining normal heart rhythm
C) Facilitating muscle contraction
D) Acting as a primary buffer in blood
The anion gap is useful for diagnosing:
A) Metabolic acidosis
B) Respiratory alkalosis
C) Metabolic alkalosis
D) Respiratory acidosis
Which electrolyte imbalance is associated with muscle weakness and paralysis?
A) Hypernatremia
B) Hyponatremia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypokalemia
The intracellular fluid (ICF) differs from extracellular fluid (ECF) mainly in:
A) Sodium content
B) Potassium content
C) Protein content
D) Glucose content
In the treatment of hypercalcemia, which electrolyte is important?
A) Sodium chloride
B) Potassium chloride
C) Calcium gluconate
D) Sodium bicarbonate
The main buffer system in the renal tubular fluid is:
A) Protein buffer system
B) Phosphate buffer system
C) Carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system
D) Ammonia buffer system
Which electrolyte is primarily responsible for maintaining osmotic pressure?
A) Sodium
B) Potassium
C) Calcium
D) Magnesium
The normal range for serum potassium levels is:
A) 2.5-5.0 mEq/L
B) 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
C) 4.5-6.0 mEq/L
D) 5.5-7.0 mEq/L
Which IV solution is considered hypotonic?
A) 0.9% Sodium chloride solution
B) 5% Glucose solution
C) 0.45% Sodium chloride solution
D) 3% Sodium chloride solution
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