Practice MCQ For Govt Pharmacist Exam, in this article we will solve, Practice MCQ on Gastrointestinal agents topic under the subject Pharmaceutical inorganic chemistry of first semester. Read following article for your reference.
Gastrointestinal Agents: Acidifying Agents » PHARMACAREERS
Gastrointestinal Agents: Antacids » PHARMACAREERS
Which of the following is a systemic acidifier?
A) Sodium Bicarbonate
B) Aluminum hydroxide gel
C) Ammonium chloride
D) Magnesium hydroxide mixture
Diluted Hydrochloric Acid (HCl) is used as an acidifier because it:
A) Increases gastric pH
B) Decreases gastric pH
C) Neutralizes gastric acid
D) Has no effect on gastric pH
The ideal antacid should have all the following properties EXCEPT:
A) Rapid onset of action
B) Long duration of action
C) Systemic alkalosis potential
D) Does not cause constipation or diarrhea
Sodium Bicarbonate as an antacid is:
A) Recommended for chronic use
B) Known to cause ‘acid rebound’
C) Typically used in combination with Aluminum hydroxide gel
D) All of the above
Aluminum hydroxide gel’s mechanism of action includes:
A) Direct neutralization of gastric acid
B) Decreasing pepsin activity by increasing pH
C) Both A and B
D) Neither A nor B
Ammonium chloride acts as an acidifier by:
A) Directly lowering gastric pH
B) Being converted to urea and HCl in the liver
C) Neutralizing gastric acid
D) Stimulating gastric acid secretion
The use of Sodium Bicarbonate as an antacid is limited due to:
A) Its slow onset of action
B) The risk of metabolic alkalosis
C) Its short duration of action
D) The risk of kidney stones
Which antacid is most likely to cause diarrhea?
A) Aluminum hydroxide gel
B) Magnesium hydroxide mixture
C) Sodium Bicarbonate
D) Calcium carbonate
Aluminum hydroxide gel is often combined with Magnesium hydroxide to:
A) Increase the risk of constipation
B) Balance the constipating effects of Aluminum with the laxative effects of Magnesium
C) Increase the duration of action
D) Decrease the onset of action
Which of the following is NOT a desired property of an antacid?
A) Non-systemic absorption
B) Chemical stability
C) Rapid gastric emptying time
D) High acid-neutralizing capacity per dose
The combination of antacids with alginic acid is used to:
A) Increase gastric pH rapidly
B) Form a protective barrier over the stomach lining
C) Decrease the absorption of the antacids
D) Induce systemic alkalosis
Magnesium hydroxide mixture’s laxative effect is due to:
A) Its high osmotic activity in the intestines
B) Stimulation of gastric acid secretion
C) Decreased bile acid absorption
D) Increased peristalsis due to direct irritation of the gut lining
Chronic use of Sodium Bicarbonate can lead to:
A) Hypokalemia
B) Hyperkalemia
C) Hypocalcemia
D) Hypercalcemia
The primary reason for combining different antacids in a formulation is to:
A) Enhance flavor and palatability
B) Achieve a synergistic effect on acid neutralization
C) Reduce production costs
D) Increase product shelf life
Ammonium chloride can be contraindicated in patients with:
A) Hyperchlorhydria
B) Hepatic insufficiency
C) Renal insufficiency
D) Peptic ulcer disease
An ideal antacid should NOT:
A) Alter systemic pH significantly when used as directed
B) Be rapidly excreted by the kidneys
C) Interfere with the absorption of other medications
D) Be palatable and acceptable to patients
Diluted HCl is used therapeutically in conditions such as:
A) Metabolic alkalosis
B) Metabolic acidosis
C) Hypochlorhydria
D) Hyperchlorhydria
Sodium Bicarbonate’s ‘acid rebound’ phenomenon is characterized by:
A) An initial decrease in gastric pH followed by a significant increase
B) Continuous decrease in gastric pH
C) No change in gastric pH after administration
D) An initial increase in gastric pH followed by a significant decrease
The therapeutic use of Aluminum hydroxide gel includes treatment for:
A) Diarrhea
B) Constipation
C) Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD)
D) Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)
Magnesium hydroxide mixture should be used cautiously in patients with:
A) Renal failure
B) Liver failure
C) Heart failure
D) Pancreatic failure
The buffering action of antacids refers to their ability to:
A) Maintain a constant pH regardless of acidic or basic challenges
B) Neutralize stomach acid without changing pH significantly
C) Increase stomach pH rapidly without sustaining it
D) Decrease stomach pH rapidly without sustaining it
In patients with renal insufficiency, which antacid should be used with caution?
A) Sodium Bicarbonate
B) Aluminum hydroxide gel
C) Magnesium hydroxide mixture
D) Calcium carbonate
The combination of Aluminum hydroxide gel and Magnesium hydroxide mixture can prevent:
A) Acid rebound
B) Constipation
C) Diarrhea
D) Both B and C
Which of the following is a common side effect of chronic use of Ammonium chloride?
A) Metabolic alkalosis
B) Metabolic acidosis
C) Respiratory alkalosis
D) Respiratory acidosis
Sodium Bicarbonate is contraindicated in patients with:
A) Peptic ulcer disease
B) Hypertension
C) Congestive heart failure
D) All of the above
Aluminum hydroxide gel may cause which of the following in patients with renal impairment?
A) Hyperphosphatemia
B) Hypophosphatemia
C) Hyperkalemia
D) Hypokalemia
The antacid that is most likely to cause ‘milk-alkali syndrome’ is:
A) Sodium Bicarbonate
B) Aluminum hydroxide gel
C) Magnesium hydroxide mixture
D) Calcium carbonate
Ammonium chloride is metabolized in the liver to produce:
A) Ammonia and Hydrochloric acid
B) Urea and Hydrochloric acid
C) Sodium chloride and Water
D) Potassium chloride and Water
The use of Magnesium hydroxide mixture is preferred over Aluminum hydroxide gel in patients with:
A) Chronic constipation
B) Chronic diarrhea
C) Renal insufficiency
D) Peptic ulcer disease
An antacid’s ‘neutralizing capacity’ refers to its ability to:
A ) Neutralize a specific amount of gastric acid
B ) Buffer gastric contents to a specific pH
C ) Maintain gastric pH for a prolonged period
D ) Resist changes in pH upon dilution
Diluted HCl therapy is indicated for patients with:
A ) Achlorhydria
B ) Zollinger-Ellison syndrome
C ) Gastroenteritis
D ) Duodenal ulcers
The rapid onset of action in antacids is primarily due to their:
A) Solubility
B) Particle size
C) Chemical composition
D) Mechanism of action
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